What must manufacturers obtain to field test new pesticides on a substantial area?

Manufacturers must obtain an experimental use permit to field test new pesticides on a substantial area. This permit is essential because it allows manufacturers to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a pesticide before it can be marketed to the public. The experimental use permit is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States and ensures that the trials do not pose undue risk to human health or the environment.

Obtaining this permit involves a rigorous process where manufacturers submit their testing plans and data to demonstrate their adherence to safety standards. This enables oversight that protects public health and ensures that new pesticides will not have harmful effects when used as directed. Without this permit, manufacturers would not be compliant with federal regulations, and their testing activities could lead to significant legal and ecological repercussions.

Other options, like state approval or a safety evaluation certificate, do not specifically address the necessity of conducting controlled testing on substantial areas of land for the purpose of pesticide efficacy and safety assessment prior to public release.