Which method involves the breakdown of chemicals in response to sunlight?

Photodegradation is the process that specifically involves the breakdown of chemicals due to the energy provided by sunlight. During this process, ultraviolet (UV) light or other wavelengths from sunlight interact with the chemical compounds, causing them to undergo a transformation, often resulting in simpler, less harmful substances. This method is particularly significant for managing environmental pollutants, as sunlight can catalyze reactions that degrade toxic chemicals in the environment.

Understanding photodegradation is essential in fields such as environmental science and public health because it highlights a natural mechanism through which some pollutants can be rendered harmless. By utilizing sunlight, which is abundant and non-toxic, this process helps reduce pollutants without the need for additional chemicals or labor-intensive methods.